Under U.S. law, a refugee is defined as an individual outside their country of nationality who cannot return due to past persecution or a well-founded fear of persecution based on race, religion, nationality, membership in a particular social group, or political opinion. In some cases specified by the President of the United States, individuals within their own countries may also be considered refugees for admission purposes.
The United States Refugee Admissions Program (USRAP) provides a legal pathway for refugees to resettle in the U.S. Once admitted, refugees must apply for permanent residency after one year and can seek citizenship five years later. They are authorized to work in the country.
Accessing USRAP is free of charge. The program warns against scams that demand fees or favors for expedited processing. Eligibility for referral to USRAP is determined by Presidential Determination or Report to Congress on Proposed Refugee Admissions.
USRAP processing involves interviews with the Department of Homeland Security (DHS), security checks, and medical exams. Applicants undergo rigorous biographic and biometric security screenings. Those unable to complete this process cannot enter the U.S.
Applicants must be outside the U.S. to access USRAP referrals and cannot apply while on temporary visas within the country.
Regarding dual citizenship, U.S. law does not generally require renouncing one's original citizenship upon becoming a U.S. citizen; however, individuals should check their country's laws concerning dual citizenship.
For further information or inquiries about USRAP, contact PretoriaPRMInfo@state.gov.