Australia faces persistent challenges in its egg supply chain, as outlined by Michael Whitehead, ANZ Executive Director of Agribusiness Insights. Several factors, including avian influenza and shifts in supermarket policies, have affected availability and pricing, which may not fully return to pre-crisis levels.
Whitehead explained, “After the culling of over a million layer hens across New South Wales and Victoria due to avian influenza, the national egg industry is under pressure.” Despite a forecasted increase in production for 2025, Whitehead warned that supply may not reach previous levels due to rising costs and sector changes.
Supermarket commitments to phasing out caged eggs by 2025 add further complexity. “Most major supermarket chains committed to phasing out caged eggs by 2025, but this deadline now appears to be softening or potentially shifting – which is leaving egg producers unsure of how and when to reinvest,” he said.
Egg prices in Australia have increased, with free-range eggs costing around $6 per dozen, rising up to $9 for premium varieties. However, Whitehead emphasized that eggs remain a cost-effective protein, stating, “In relative terms, eggs remain excellent value. Even at $6–9 per dozen, that’s less than $1 per serve for a high-quality, versatile protein – still significantly cheaper than most meat or seafood options.”
In comparison, US egg prices have also risen, now costing around US$5 per dozen, which is above the long-term average.
Annual per capita egg consumption in Australia has reached 250–260 eggs, placing it among the highest globally. Yet, supply chain pressures and a preference for free-range or organic eggs continue to influence pricing and availability.
“Given the investment required to rebuild and transition farms to meet new welfare standards, and the unpredictable nature of avian disease outbreaks, we may be looking at a new normal for the egg sector – one where price volatility and supply constraints are more common,” Whitehead explained. He suggests consumers may need to adjust their expectations regarding the cost and effort involved in maintaining egg supply.