The U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis (BEA) has released new quarterly statistics for the second quarter of 2025, covering gross domestic product (GDP) and personal income across all 50 states and the District of Columbia. The report also includes annual data on state personal consumption expenditures (PCE) for 2024.
Real GDP grew in 48 states during the second quarter of 2025, with a national annualized rate increase of 3.8 percent. State-level changes ranged from a 7.3 percent rise in North Dakota to a 1.1 percent decline in Arkansas. The District of Columbia saw no change in real GDP.
Fifteen out of twenty-three industry groups tracked by BEA contributed to GDP growth at the state level. Finance and insurance, information, and nondurable-goods manufacturing were identified as the main drivers nationally and in about half the states. Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction expanded in 45 states, leading growth in eight—including North Dakota, Texas, New Mexico, and Wyoming—states that posted some of the largest GDP increases.
Agriculture-related industries grew in 27 states and led growth in six states such as Kansas, which had the third-largest GDP increase. However, these industries offset growth in six other states including Arkansas and Mississippi where GDP declined.
Personal income rose across all states and the District of Columbia during this period, with a national increase at an annual rate of 5.5 percent. State changes ranged from a high of 10.4 percent in Kansas to a low of 0.9 percent in Arkansas; Washington D.C.'s personal income increased by 4.9 percent.
All components—earnings, transfer receipts, and property income—contributed to national personal income gains except earnings, which fell only in Arkansas and Mississippi. Nationally, earnings grew by 4.4 percent but varied widely between states; Kansas saw a notable increase while Arkansas experienced a decrease.
Transfer receipts rose sharply by 14.4 percent nationwide due partly to retroactive Social Security payments under the Social Security Fairness Act of 2024. Massachusetts had the highest increase at nearly one-quarter more than previous periods.
Property income was up modestly by one percent nationwide.
Personal consumption expenditures increased everywhere during 2024 with a national gain of 5.6 percent; Florida led with seven percent while Mississippi trailed at just over four percent growth.
Fourteen out of sixteen major PCE categories recorded increases according to BEA estimates for that year; health care and housing/utilities made up most of this expansion both nationally and across almost all states except one category each—gasoline/other energy goods and motor vehicles/parts—which subtracted from overall growth.
Health care spending jumped by over eight percent nationwide while housing/utilities climbed nearly seven percent; both categories dominated state-level PCE gains throughout much of the country.
Gasoline expenditures fell more than five percent nationally—most notably impacting Mississippi’s relatively low PCE growth rate.
This release also incorporates BEA's annual updates revising historical data on GDP, personal income, and PCE by state using more complete source data through early 2025 along with updated seasonal factors aligning with recent national accounts revisions published September 25th.
For the first time today BEA issued combined quarterly GDP/personal income data alongside annual PCE statistics rather than separate releases—a move intended to provide users with a fuller picture of state economies while streamlining access to comprehensive data tables via BEA’s Interactive Data Application online.
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