The Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) and the Republic of Rwanda have signed a Declaration of Principles, signifying a political commitment to fostering peace, stability, and economic cooperation in the eastern DRC region. This move also aims to renew normal bilateral relations between the two nations. The document underscores each participant's recognition of the other's sovereignty and territorial integrity, emphasizing diplomacy and negotiation in resolving disputes.
A key component of the agreement is the commitment to addressing mutual security concerns in the border region. Both nations agree not to support non-state armed groups and aim to establish a joint security coordination mechanism. The agreement stresses the importance of peace, security, and stability in promoting legitimate trade and regional economic cooperation.
On economic matters, the Declaration outlines a phased regional economic integration framework, building on current efforts from organizations such as the ICGLR, COMESA, and the EAC. The goal is to enhance trade, investment, and transparency, benefiting both DRC and Rwanda. This framework anticipates new and expanded investments, particularly from the U.S. government and private sector, for regional economic transformation. Areas of cooperation include hydropower development and mineral supply chain management.
The agreement also addresses the humanitarian aspect, with a focus on facilitating the safe return of internally displaced persons (IDPs) and refugees to their homes, with assistance from the UN and humanitarian organizations.
In support of regional stabilization efforts, both parties commit to facilitate MONUSCO’s operations as per its mandate and pledge to protect civilian populations. The Declaration is part of broader peace efforts under the EAC-SADC framework, with a draft Peace Agreement anticipated for review by May 2, to be discussed further in Washington with U.S. government facilitation.
The document was signed on April 25, 2025, in Washington, in the presence of the U.S. Secretary of State, Marco Rubio, and the respective Ministers of Foreign Affairs for the DRC and Rwanda, Thérèse Kayikwamba Wagner, and Olivier J.P. Nduhungirehe.